When excellence comes home

Reblogged from Science on the Net

Two aspects remain etched firmly after a talk with Andrea Lunardi and Graziano Martello, two “made in Italy” brains that have decided to return to work in Italy after years of research abroad. First, go abroad tout courtis not an essential step; the difference is choosing centres of excellence abroad. Second: a PhD in Italy is a great resource, not to be missed, as long as you choose a good group to work with.

These two young men, 43 years old Lunardi and 34 years old Martello, are certainly not the rule in our country. Two researchers that decide to bring their skills in Italy thanks to two grants from a private foundation, the Armenise Foundation, plus a Telethon grant for Martello, after spending years in centers of excellence worldwide, Lunardi at Harvard Medical School and Martello at the University of Cambridge.

Let us start from the end. What is the focus of your researches and why did you decide to come back?

AL: I am a biologist and in recent years I was involved in research on cancer, particularly prostate cancer, under the lead of Pier Paolo Pandolfi, Director of the Cancer Research Institute at the Beth Israel deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School of Boston. Together with a team of American colleagues, I developed the Co-Clinical Trial Approach, a new translational platform based on the enrollment of faithful genetically engineered mouse models of human tumors in specific treatments that perfectly mirror the clinical trial in human patients. I worked in the United States for years, knowing that I would be back in Italy after a few years, and now I had the opportunity to do so, bringing in my country the skills acquired in a center of excellence like the Harvard Medical School. I then tried to obtain funding and I won the Armenise scholarship, which allowed me to come back. Trento seemed to be the best destination for me at the moment, since it is a dynamic reality that is recruiting many new resources focusing on quality.

GM: My research combines experimental and computational methods to understand what controls the behavior of embryonic stem cells. I decided to return to Italy after four years in Cambridge because it was my desire since I started my activity abroad, and I think that if you want to return, once arrived at a certain moment you should try.  I was very lucky because I had the opportunity to go back to the University where I studied, which is an excellent research center at both Italian and international level. The funding I have obtained have been obviously fundamental: I got both the Armenise and the Telethon Scholarships, which will cover my project for five years.

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Un “GPS” per ricostruire il nostro albero genealogico

Reblogged from PJ Magazine

“Ho trovato compagni trovando me stesso” scriveva Cesare Pavese nella poesia Antenati.

Probabilmente Pavese non avrebbe pensato che questo suo verso così evocativo potesse ottant’anni dopo rivelarsi così calzante per introdurre una nuova frontiera in campo scientifico.

Oggi invece nuovi risultati sembrano dimostrare che proprio guardando in quello che forse è l’antro più intimo e caratterizzante di noi stessi, cioè il nostro profilo genetico, l’uomo potrebbe riuscire a trovare le sue origini fino a oltre 1000 anni fa e in questo modo rintracciare i suoi compagni “biologici”.

La ricerca di un metodo che utilizzi informazioni biologiche per prevedere il luogo di origine di un essere umano ha occupato gli scienziati per secoli. In particolare dopo la scoperta del DNA, numerosi ricercatori hanno continuato a studiare il problema attraverso l’analisi dei dati genetici, anche se con scarso successo.

Oggi però uno studio pubblicato sulla prestigiosa rivista Nature Communication, sembra aprire la strada a nuove possibilità, grazie a un test in grado di analizzare il DNA degli individui di una popolazione e confrontarlo con le aree geografiche in cui questo popolo ha vissuto, fino a raggiungere, nella migliore delle ipotesi, addirittura il villaggio originario di provenienza.

Secondo lo studio la percentuale di successo si attesterebbe intorno all’80%, con picchi maggiori nel caso delle popolazioni del Sud Est Asiatico.

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Italy and African Countries scientific cooperation

Reblogged from Science on the net

A specific call of Horizon 2020 promotes cooperation between Europe and Africa for scientific research, funding project for €80 billion between 2014 and 2020: €24.5 billion for strengthening research in science, €22.6 billion for strengthening industrial leadership in innovation and €31 billion addressed to societal challenges, like global warming, sustainable transport, food or renewal energy. Actually, Italy has been active in this field for years, especially in South Africa and Egypt, through programs of bilateral scientific and technological cooperation under the authority of the Unit for Scientific and Technological Cooperation of the Directorate General for the Promotion of the Country System.

SOUTH AFRICA

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, under the Programme for Scientific and Technological Cooperation between Italy and South Africa for the years 2014 – 2016, has launched a call for the collection of joint research projects to develop between the two countries, which closed on 28 February. The call was open to researchers, universities and research centers, and included physics, astrophysics and radio astronomy, information and communication technologies, biotechnology, nanotechnology and advanced materials, medicine, health environment, and renewable energy.

Furthermore, since the Europe-Africa cooperation is also one of the objectives of Horizon 2020, preference will be given to projects that are part of multilateral research programs of the European Call. More in detail, the initiative aims at two types of projects: the first group concerning the mobility of researchers, with support for up to three years 2014-2016 and a loan in annual installments, while the last category is about bilateral projects of great importance.

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